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Ted Honderich Correspondence
Determinism a key part of Libertarian Free Will?
June 3, 2008
Dear Professor Honderich,First let me thank you for your many contributions over the years to philosophy and especially your vigorous arguments for determinism as necessary to freedom. I have most all your books in my personal library (excepting the Ayer volumes). I am an astrophysicist and cosmologist by training and have long been studying the way information (actually structure in general) is created and maintained in the universe. I earned my Ph.D. at Harvard in 1968 with a thesis on the quantum mechanics of the hydrogen molecule. The fundamental process of information creation, whether an atom forming from sub-atomic particles, a molecule - including DNA and biological structures, or a bit being set to one or zero in a computer, involves a quantum mechanical event in which a "measurement" is made that allows any "observer" to see the new structural element. Measurement is accompanied by radiating away an amount of entropy (or disorder) that more than compensates for the increase in order (negative entropy or information) that the structure represents in the universe - to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics. There are remarkable parallels in this process to what I would like to suggest to you is an "intelligible" model for free will that includes what I call "adequate determinism." This determinism is adequate to predict the motions of the heavens and put men on the moon. It is practically speaking everything in Newtonian physics that led Kant to a perfectly deterministic phenomenal world - for sufficiently large objects. Microscopic atomic measurement, however - as you know, begins with a thoroughly unpredictable quantum process, followed by a macroscopic process for which indeterminism is negligible. The core assumption in quantum mechanics is that the microscopic world is unpredictable, but the measurement apparatus can be treated classically because it is macroscopic - adequately determined. In my study of many philosophers and scientists who have pondered the question of free will over the centuries, I find just a few thinkers who have discussed a two-stage model for a free will - free, in the sense of random alternative possibilities, and will, in the sense of an adequately deterministic choice from the alternatives based on values in one's character. The earliest are William James (1897), Henri Poincaré (1906), and Karl Popper (1960). Recent others include Daniel Dennett (1978), who actually rejects the idea, Robert Kane (2001), who like it but declares it "unintelligible," and Alfred Mele (2001), who is openly skeptical. Even John Searle (2004) has made what he calls a "strict argument requiring quantum indeterminism." Popper and a few others mention the obvious parallel with Darwinian evolution - random variation in the gene pool followed by natural selection. You touch on something similar in How Free Are You? I very much like your phrases "near-determinism" and "determinism-where-it-matters. I was strongly impressed with your passionate remarks on page 95 on the apparent loss of hope in contemplating a strict deterministic future. Can a model that is both free (random) and willed (adequately determined) eliminate your dismay? I believe that Niels Bohr would have loved the complementarity aspect. Even Hegel might have been happy with a random/chance thesis dialectically evolving into a determinist antithesis which needs a synthesis/aufhebung in the complex absolute idea of free will. I am beginning to put my thoughts onto some web pages, and would greatly appreciate critical comments from you - as the principal spokesman for hard determinism - before approaching your philosophical colleagues, including Dennett, who lives nearby (I am still in Cambridge, MA). Is it possible that we might have a chance to chat after the academic year ends and you have a bit of time? At your convenience, please take a look at my brief statement of the Problem of Free Will here: http://www. and my draft History of Free Will here: http://www. By the way, thank you also for your website, which I include in my webliography/bibliography. http://www. I would be greatly appreciative of your critical remarks - especially your impressions of whether the "adequate determinism" I describe is enough to satisfy the very sensible requirements for a determined and causal will you have defended all these years. I am available to talk anytime at 1-617-876-5678, and would be happy to call you if you prefer. Cheers Bob Doyle 77 Huron Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 Tel: +1 617-876-5678 Skype:bobdoyle Re: Determinism a key part of Libertarian Free Will?
June 17, 2008
Dear
Bob Doyle,This
message of yours has gone unanswered mainly for the reason that I have been
having a medical problem.
A
routine medical test showed my heart was beating 151 times a minute, enough to
get me sent to the Accident and Emergency department and admitted to
hospital.
I have
printed out your message, and it has gone into the file that will be read when I
next return to the problems in question -- our mutual
interest.
Please
forgive me not taking discussion further at this stage.
Very
best wishes to you.
Ted
Ted Honderich |