Determinism as a theory is supported by a large number of people with their special vested interest in one of the many determinisms. There are Behavioral, Biological, Causal, Logical, Language, Mechanical, Physical, Psychological, and Religious Determinists.
Compatibilism is a form of determinism that argues man is free as long as his own will is one of the steps in the causal chain, even if his choices are determined for physical reasons or preordained by God.
The core idea of determinism is closely related to the idea of causality. But we can have causality without determinism. Despite David Hume's critical attack on the necessity of causes, many philosophers embrace causality strongly. Some even connect it to the very possibility of logic and reason.
Even in a world that contains quantum uncertainty, macroscopic objects are determined to an extraordinary degree. Newton's laws of motion are deterministic enough to send men to the moon and back. Our Cogito model of the Macro Mind is large enough to ignore quantum uncertainty for the purpose of the reasoning will. The neural system too is robust enough to insure that mental decisions are reliably transmitted to our limbs.
There is no problem imagining that the three traditional mental faculties of reason - perception, conception, and comprehension - are all carried on deterministically in a physical brain where quantum events do not interfere with normal operations.
However, there is no problem imagining a part of the brain where random associations of ideas run rampant, and the randomness may in part be driven by microscopic fluctuations that are amplified to the macroscopic level. Our Macro Mind need only look to the Micro Mind for action items and thoughts to consider adding to the Agenda.